• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    abstract well head assembly with a geometric axis and method for sealing an inner wellhead member to an outer wellhead member it is a sealing set between a wellhead liner (10) that has a hole (12) and a sheath hanger (18), has an inner sealing leg (22) for sealing against the hanger (18) and an outer sealing leg (26) for sealing against the sheath (10) . an extension (32) extends downwardly from the outer sealing leg (26) and has a downward facing shoulder (36) which rests on an upward facing shoulder (38) formed in a pointed ring (37). a connection (34) connects the sealing ring (25) to the tip ring (37) with a bottom part of the tip ring (37) that rests on the upwardly facing shoulder (38) of the coating hanger (18). bellows (40) are formed in the nose ring (37) to increase the holding capacity. the bellows (40) have an inner surface (42) that faces an outer profile (43) of the hanger (18), and an outer surface (46) on the bellows (40) that faces (12) of the lining ( 10). when the bellows (40) are shrunk axially, they expand radially outward and contract radially into the hole (12) of the lining (10) and the external profile (43) of the hanger (18).
    公开号:BR102012006936B1
    申请号:R102012006936-9
    申请日:2012-03-28
    公开日:2020-07-14
    发明作者:David L. Ford；Daniel C. Benson；Leonard Landriault
    申请人:Vetco Gray Inc；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    FIELD OF THE INVENTION
    [001] This invention relates in general to wellhead assemblies and in particular to a sealing tip ring that improves fixation to a coating hanger. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
    [002] Seals are used between wellhead internal and external tubular members to contain the well's internal pressure. The wellhead internal member may be a coating hanger located in a wellhead coating and which supports a coating column that extends into the well. An obstruction seal or seals between the liner hanger and the wellhead liner. Alternatively, the internal wellhead member may be a pipe hanger that supports a column of pipe that extends into the well for the flow of production fluid. The pipe hanger fits into a wellhead outer member, which can be a wellhead liner, a Christmas tree, or a pipehead. An obstruction seal or seals between the pipe hanger and the wellhead outer member.
    [003] A variety of seals located between the inner and outer wellhead members have been employed in the prior art. State of the art seals include elastomeric and partially metallic and elastomeric rings. State of the art seal rings made entirely of metal to form metal to metal seals ("MS") are also employed. The seals can be adjusted by a seating tool, or they can be adjusted in response to the weight of the casing or pipe. A type of metal-to-metal seal of the prior art has a seal body with internal and external walls separated by a cylindrical slot, in a "U" shape. An energizer ring is pushed into the gap in the seal to deform the inner and outer walls separately in a seal engagement with the wellhead inner and outer members, which may have serrations formed therein. The energizer ring is typically a solid wedge-shaped member. The deformation of the inner and outer walls of the seal exceeds the offered resistance of the seal ring material, making the deformation permanent.
    [004] Thermal growth between the casing or tubing and the wellhead can occur, particularly with wellheads located on the surface, rather than underwater. The well fluid flowing upward through the piping heats the piping column, and to a lesser extent the surrounding casing. The increase in temperature can cause the pipe hanger and / or coating hanger to move axially a small amount relative to the wellhead outer member. During the heating transient, the pipe hanger and / or coating hanger can also move radially due to temperature differences between components and the different rates of thermal expansion of the materials from which the components are built. If the seal has been adjusted as a result of an action where an axial displacement of the energizing rings induces a radial movement of the seal against its corresponding surfaces, then the sealing forces can be reduced if there is movement in the axial direction due to pressure or thermal effects. A reduction in axial force on the energizer ring results in a reduction in radial forces in and out on the inner and outer walls of the seal ring, which can cause the seal to loosen. A loss of radial pressure between the seal and its corresponding surfaces due to thermal transients can also cause the seal to loosen. One approach to avoid this type of movement is the use of C-clamping rings on the seal that rests in a machined bag on the energizer ring. Ring C engages the hanger when the seal is adjusted, locking the seal to the hanger. Another approach has been to use the sealing element itself as a locking mechanism. In these approaches, fixation is provided by the seal. In addition, a clamp-type hanger can be used to lock the lining hanger in place. This requires an extra offset to lower the attachment type hanger.
    [005] There is a need for a technique that addresses the seal leakage problems described above by providing additional clamping capacity with a good cost-benefit ratio. The following technique can solve one or more of these problems. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
    [006] In one embodiment of the present invention, a seal assembly is located between a wellhead liner that has an orifice and a liner hanger. The casing is typically located at an upper end of a well and serves as an external member of the wellhead. The lining hanger has an upward facing shoulder to support a lower part of the seal assembly. A metal-to-metal seal assembly has an inner seal leg with an inner wall seal against the cylindrical wall of the liner hanger and an outer seal leg with an outer wall surface that seals against the head lining hole well. The sealing legs form a U-shaped pocket or slot. An extension extends downwards from the outer sealing leg and can have a threaded connection. However, it is not necessary for the connection to be threaded. The extension has a downward facing shoulder that rests on an upward facing shoulder formed in a pointed ring. The connection connects the seal ring to the tip ring with a bottom part of the tip ring that rests on the upward facing shoulder of the coating hanger to provide a reaction point during adjustment operations. In this embodiment, a plurality of bellows are formed in the tip ring to advantageously increase the fixing capacity of the seal assembly. The bellows can be formed in a helical shape and has an inner surface that faces an external profile of the hanger, and an outer surface in the bellows that faces the orifice of the liner. Each bellows can have legs that form a "V" or "U" shape with slits formed between the outer surfaces of the bellows. Similarly, cracks are formed between the internal surfaces of the bellows. When the seal assembly is adjusted, the bellows will shrink, reducing a gap width when the bellows expands in and out of the outside profile of the hanger and the liner orifice.
    [007] The bellows on the tip ring provide a mechanism for locking the hanger in addition to that of the state of the art. Therefore, the holding capacity is advantageously increased by sharing upward forces on the hanger between the present invention and these state of the art mechanisms. In addition, the present invention can also advantageously save the time and money associated with having to relocate in order to install a fixing hanger. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
    [008] Figure 1 is a sectional view of a seal assembly with an energizer ring locked to the seal, but not adjusted, according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 2 is a sectional view of the seal assembly of Figure 1 between external and internal members of the wellhead in the adjusted position, according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 3 is a front view of a bellows ring, according to an embodiment of the invention; Figure 4 is a sectional view of the bellows with teeth, according to an embodiment of the invention. DESCRIPTION OF ACCOMPLISHMENTS OF THE INVENTION
    [009] With reference to Figure 1, an embodiment of the invention shows a part of the high pressure wellhead liner or external wellhead member 10. A part of a seal assembly is shown between the wellhead liner 10 having an orifice 12 with knurls 14 formed therein and a liner hanger or internal wellhead member 18 with knurls 20 formed on an outer part. The seal assembly is shown in an unadjusted position in Figure 1. The liner 10 is typically located at an upper end of a well and serves as an external wellhead member 10. In this embodiment, the liner hanger 18 has a upwardly facing shoulder 19 to support a bottom portion 21 of the seal assembly. A metal-to-metal seal assembly has an inner seal leg 22 with and inner wall 24 sealing against the cylindrical wall of the liner hanger 18. The seal ring 25 has an outer seal leg 26 with an outer wall surface 28 that seals against the wellhead casing hole 12. Wall surfaces 24, 28 can be cylindrical and smooth. The sealing legs 22, 26 form a U-shaped pocket or slot 30.
    [010] An extension 32 extends downwardly from the outer leg 26 and may have a threaded connection 34. However, the connection is not required to be threaded. Extension 32 has a downward facing shoulder 36 that rests on an upward facing shoulder 38 formed in a nose ring 37. Threaded connection 34 connects seal ring 25 to nose ring 37. A bottom 39 of the ring tip rests on the upwardly facing shoulder 19 of the coating hanger 18 to provide a reaction point during adjustment operations. In this embodiment, a plurality of bellows 40 are formed in the nose ring 37 to increase the holding capacity of the seal assembly. The bellows 40 can be formed in a helical shape. The bellows 40 has an inner surface 42 which faces an outer profile 43 of the hanger 18. In this embodiment, the outer profile 43 has a slight taper, however, the outer profile 43 can also be formed without taper. An outer surface 46 in the bellows 40 faces the orifice 12 of the liner 10. A thickness of the bellows of the inner and outer surfaces 42, 46 of the bellows 40 can vary since the inner surface 42 follows the taper of the outer profile 43 of the hanger. 18. Each bellows can have undulation 44 that forms a "V" or "U" shape. Slits 48 are formed between the outer surfaces 46 of the bellows 40. Similarly, slits 50 are formed between the inner surfaces 42 of the bellows 50. The clearances can be between 0.025 to 1.905 centimeters before adjusting. When the sealing assembly is adjusted, as shown in Figure 2, the bellows 40 will shrink, reducing the width of the clearances 48 (Figure 1) when the bellows 40 expands in and out into the outer profile 43 of the suspension 18 and the orifice 12 of the liner 10. The bellows 40 are formed of metal.
    [011] The bellows 40 on the nose ring 37 provide a mechanism for locking the hanger 18 in addition to those of the prior art.
    [012] Continuing with reference to Figure 1, an energizer ring 60 is typically forced down by a seating tool (not shown) or the weight of a column (not shown) to force it into slot 30 of the ring seal 25. An upper part 62 of the energizer ring 60 allows threaded connection to the seating tool or column. An outer nut 64 holds the energizer ring assembly 60 together during assembly and operations. The energizer ring 60 deforms the inner and outer sealing legs 22, 26 of the sealing ring 25 against the outer wellhead member 10 and the inner wellhead member 18.
    [013] During the adjustment operation, the seal assembly, including the seal ring and nipple ring 37, is fitted to the upward shoulder 19 of the hanger 18. The seal assembly is located between the hanger 18 and lining 10 The energizer ring 60 is forced downward by the seating tool or the weight of the column. The reaction point formed between the upward boss 19 of the hanger 18 and the downward boss 39 of the nose ring 37 allows the force applied to the energizer ring 60 to move the energizer ring into slot 30 of the seal ring 25 When the energizer ring 60 moves into the pocket 30, it deforms the inner and outer legs 22, 26 of the sealing ring 25 against the liner 10 and the hanger 18. The force applied through the energizer ring 60 also shrinks axially and radially expands the outer diameter of the bellows 40. The inner diameter of the bellows 40 contracts radially. The inner surface 42 of the bellows 40 contacts the outer profile 43 of the hanger 18 and the outer surface 46 of the bellows 40 contacts the hole 12 of the liner 10. The radial distance from the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the bellows 40 when fully axially contracted is greater than the radial distance from the suspension profile 43 to the wellhead casing orifice 12.
    [014] This adjustment by the expanded bellows 40 with the hanger 18 and liner 10 provides a rigid stop for the seal assembly, allowing the seal to be fully adjusted, as shown in Figure 2. Once adjusted, any additional upward force on the suspension 18 is transmitted into the bellows 40 of the nose ring 37, increasing the radial force and friction within the external profile 43 of the suspension 18 and orifice 12 of the coating 10, thus providing greater fastening capabilities to the suspension 18 and preventing the element seal 25 is exposed to the full forces of the suspension 18 and liner (not shown). The design of the nose ring 37 with bellows 40 also accommodates the situation of high engagement due to debris in the hanger 18. The surfaces of the bellows 40 that contact the profile of the hanger 18 and the lining orifice 12 do not form seals.
    [015] In addition, the force from the bellows 40 of the nose ring 37 may be sufficient to deform the external profile 43 of the hanger 18 or hole 12 of the lining 10. In these cases, this will additionally increase the clamping capacities.
    [016] In another embodiment shown in Figure 3, cuts or slits 70 can be formed in the bellows 72 formed in the nose ring 74, in an axial direction. Alternatively, slits 70 can be formed in the bellows 72 in the nose ring 74, in an inclined direction. This tip ring 74 is bolted to seal ring 26 (Figure 1) via a threaded connection 76. Slots 70 make the bellows structure 72 non-continuous. Slots 70 assist in fixing the ring of tip 74 facilitating shrinkage and helping in the thermal expansion of the bellows 72.
    [017] In another embodiment, the bellows portion 40 of the nose ring 37 can be made of a material with a different thermal expansion coefficient than the suspension 18 and coating 10 which allows the bellows 40 to expand thermally at a higher rate, thus adding to its fastening capabilities.
    [018] In yet another embodiment shown in Figure 4, teeth 80 can be formed in the bellows 82 formed in a nose ring 84. The teeth 80 assist in the fixing function by digging into the hole 12 of the lining 10 (Figure 1) and the external profile 43 of the hanger 10 (Figure 1). Therefore, the holding capacity is advantageously increased by sharing upward forces on the suspension 18 between the present invention and the mechanisms of the prior art. In addition, the present invention can also save the time and money associated with having to relocate in order to install the attachment hanger. In addition, with the present invention there is no need for additional locating grooves in the coating, thus allowing greater misalignment during operation.
    [019] This written description uses examples to reveal the invention, including the best way, and also to allow a person skilled in the art to practice the invention, including making and using any devices or systems and performing any built-in methods. It is understood that these embodiments do not limit the invention. The patentable scope of the invention is defined by the claims, and may include other examples that occur to a person skilled in the art. These other examples are understood to be within the scope of the claims if they have structural elements that do not differ from the literal language of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements with insubstantial differences from the literal language of the claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (10)
    [0001]
    1. WELL HEAD ASSEMBLY WITH A GEOMETRIC AXIS, comprising: an external wellhead member (10) that has an orifice (12); an internal wellhead member (18) located in the orifice (12); a sealing ring (25) between and in sealing engagement with the internal wellhead and outer members (18, 12), the sealing ring (25) has an inner ring member (22) and an outer ring member ( 26) which circumscribes a part of the inner ring member (22); the assembly being characterized by comprising: a bellows (40) at a lower end of the sealing ring (25), the bellows (40) comprising undulations (44) that meet at one point and form gaps (48, 50) in one opposite end of the corrugations (44) and is axially contractile, having external surfaces (46) that radially expand outwardly in the wellhead outer member (10) and inner surfaces (42) that contract radially into the inner head member well (18, 10); and an annular energizing ring (60) having a lower end insertable between the inner and outer annular members (22, 26) of the sealing ring (25), so that when the lower end of the energizing ring (60) is inserted between the inner and outer annular members (22, 26) of the seal ring (25), the outer walls (24, 28) of the inner and outer annular members (22, 26) of the seal ring (25) are pushed out radially in sealing coupling with the internal wellhead and external members (18,10).
    [0002]
    2. ASSEMBLY according to claim 1, further comprising: an annular extension (32) extending downwards and located below the sealing ring (25), the annular extension (32) which has a lower surface facing down (36); an annular nozzle ring (37) connected to the annular extension (32), in which the nose ring (37) has an upwardly facing shoulder (38) in contact with the lower surface (36) of the annular extension (32) and which has a lower surface (39) for fitting in a part of the wellhead internal member (18).
    [0003]
    3. ASSEMBLY according to claim 2, characterized in that the bellows (40) are formed in the tip ring (37) in a helical shape.
    [0004]
    4. ASSEMBLY, according to claim 2, characterized in that the pointed ring (37) is connected to the ring extension (32) through a threaded connection (34) formed between the ring extension (32) and an extension upwards from the tip ring (37).
    [0005]
    5. ASSEMBLY, according to claim 1, characterized by the clearances in the bellows (40) exist before adjusting, the clearances (48, 50) decreasing when the bellows (40) shrinks during the adjustment.
    [0006]
    6. ASSEMBLY, according to claim 1, characterized in that the slits (30) are formed in the bellows (40) and extend from a lower end to an upper end of the bellows (40) to facilitate shrinking of the bellows (40) during operations adjustment.
    [0007]
    7. ASSEMBLY according to claim 4, characterized in that the internal wellhead member (18) comprises a shoulder (19) that protrudes radially outwardly to allow the lower surface (39) of the annular ring (37 ) fits, the shoulder providing a reaction point during adjustment operations.
    [0008]
    ASSEMBLY according to claim 1, characterized in that a set of teeth (80) is formed on at least one of the inner and outer diameter surfaces of the bellows (82).
    [0009]
    9. ASSEMBLY according to claim 1, characterized in that an axially contracted connection, a radial distance from the inner diameter to an outer diameter of the bellows (40) is greater than a radial distance between the inner annular member (22) and the external annular member (26).
    [0010]
    10. METHOD FOR SEALING AN INTERNAL WELL HEAD MEMBER (18) TO AN EXTERNAL WELL HEAD MEMBER (10), characterized by: providing a seal assembly that has a bellows (40) carried at a lower end, the bellows (40) having undulations (44) that meet at one point and form gaps (48, 50) at an opposite end of the undulations (44); supply teeth (80) on one of the surfaces (42, 46) of the bellows (40) and activate the teeth (80) in engagement with one of the internal wellhead members and the external one (18, 10); fit and adjust the sealing set between the internal wellhead and external members (18,10); in response to adjusting the seal assembly, expand the outer surface (46) of the bellows (40) out of the external wellhead member (10); and contract the internal surfaces (42) of the bellows (40) into the internal wellhead member (10)
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    同族专利:
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    GB2489593A|2012-10-03|
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    BR102012006936A2|2017-09-19|
    GB2489593B|2017-09-13|
    CN102817573A|2012-12-12|
    AU2012201857A1|2012-10-18|
    US20120247788A1|2012-10-04|
    GB201205498D0|2012-05-09|
    US8851194B2|2014-10-07|
    AU2012201857B2|2016-12-15|
    SG184691A1|2012-10-30|
    MY159206A|2016-12-30|
    NO342276B1|2018-04-30|
    NO20120385A1|2012-10-01|
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    法律状态:
    2017-09-19| B03A| Publication of an application: publication of a patent application or of a certificate of addition of invention|
    2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according art. 34 industrial property law|
    2019-09-10| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: suspension of the patent application procedure|
    2020-02-27| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application according art. 36 industrial patent law|
    2020-06-02| B09A| Decision: intention to grant|
    2020-07-14| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 28/03/2012, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US201161468979P| true| 2011-03-29|2011-03-29|
    US61/468,979|2011-03-29|
    US13/114,916|2011-05-24|
    US13/114,916|US8851194B2|2011-03-29|2011-05-24|Seal with bellows style nose ring|
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